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Volume 9 (4); July 25, 2019 [Booklet]
Research Paper
Role and place of the endoscopic therapy in advanced stages of cardioesophageal cancer.
Strusskiy LP, Nizamkhodjaev ZM, Ligay RE, Khusanov AM and Omonov RR.
J. Life Sci. Biomed., 9(4): 82-88, 2019; pii:S225199391900013-9
Abstract
Aim. The aim of study was to investigate efficacy of palliative treatment of proximal gastric tumors. Methods. The article describes experience of treating 232 patients with unresectable cardioesophageal cancer (UCC). Of these, minimally invasive endoscopic procedures: endoscopic diatermotunnelization (ED), endoscopic bougienage (EB) and endoscopic stenting (ES) was performed in 101 patients. Currently, the method of endoscopic stenting is preferred, which was performed in 84 patients, and own-developed model of a silicone tube stent was used in all patients. Main early and late complications of using this method were described. Results. Minimally invasive techniques described, the absence of a cosmetic defect, there is no need of specific care set endoprothesis and relatively easily tolerated by patients of the technique endoprosthetic stent installation suggest a viable alternative to the imposition of gastrostomy and jejunostomy.
Keywords: Tumours of the proximal part of the stomach, Surgical treatment, Unresectability, Invasive technologies, Diathermotunnelization, Endoscopic bougienage, Endoscopic stenting.
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Research Paper
Effectiveness of stage by stage bariatric interventions for regression of comorbidity at obese class III patients.
Nazirov FG, Khashimov ShKh, Makhmudov UM, Khaybullina ZR, Tuychiev OD.
J. Life Sci. Biomed., 9(4): 89-95, 2019; pii:S225199391900014-9
Abstract
Introduction. Currently obesity is considered as a chronic, relapsing, multifactorial neurobehavioral disease, in which an increase in body fat contributes to the dysfunction of adipose tissue and the biomechanical effect of adipose tissue on surrounding tissue with development of metabolic and psychosocial health effects. It has been proven that bariatric surgery significantly reduces the level of pro-inflammatory senility-associated secretory proteins (SASPs), weight reduction increases telomeres length and declines their oxidative degradation (lowering of oxidative stress in telomeres), miR10a_5p, which is post-regulated with increasing of biological age, decreased after surgery, what suggests that bariatric surgery abated the premature aging phenotype. It is of big interest to evaluate comorbidity conditions in people with obese class III after the intervention of intragastric balloons (IGB) and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), which are lead to weight loss. Methods. A total of 40 patients (32 female and 8 male aged 19–55 years were considered for the study. Comorbidity was assessed by the structure and severity of diseases associated with obesity according to the recommendations of Nedogoda (2016). Cardiometabolic disease staging scale of Guo (2015) was used to assess the metabolic health. Endovisual surgery-LSG was performed (n=40) on a laparoscopic set and instruments of Karl Storz, GMBH & CoKG (Germany). The spherical intragastric balloon (IGB) was installed according to the manufacturer's method (BIB ™ System Intragastric Balloon from Allergan Inc. USA) using a GIF-1T20 Olympus gastrointestinal fibroscope (Japan). Results. Evaluation of the obesity phenotype, a completely metabolically healthy phenotype was not detected in any case. Nowadays, the opinion about the usefulness of the clinical concept of the metabolic syndrome (MS) is disputed, because it has not been convincingly proven its predictive value exceeds that for individual components. Conclusion. Obese class III is associated with dyslipidemia/hypertriglyceridemia in 85%; with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2)/prediabetes in 50%; with arterial hypertension (AH) in 45%; and with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in 35% of cases. Therefore, two-stage treatment by IGB and LSG make it possible to improve the performance on the Cardiometabolic disease staging scale, achieving zero cardiometabolic risk in 35% of patients, and in rest of patients move to a lower stage.
Keywords: Obesity, Bariatric surgery, Comorbidity, Intragastric balloon, Endovisual surgery.
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Research Paper
Characteristics and early clinical outcomes of patients undergoing living-related kidney transplantation.
Nazirov FG, Bakhritdinov FSh, Ibadov RA, Matkarimov ZT, Suyumov AS, Sobirov JG, Ibragimov SKh.
J. Life Sci. Biomed., 9(4): 96-101, 2019; pii:S225199391900015-9
Abstract
Aim. This study aimed to access early outcomes of living-related kidney transplantation. Methods. The results of treatment of 159 patients (135 males and 24 females) with chronic renal disease during 2010- 2018, have been investigated. Two new and traditional methods have been studied. New optimized method was performed for the main group (n=98) observed since February 2018, while the comparison group (n=61) from 2010 to February 2018 was operated in the traditional way. The characteristics of the patients were compared using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test or the Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. All tests were two-sided, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Analyses were performed using the R statistical package. Results. In 149 (93.7%) cases, the functional activity of the kidney transplants was assessed as a primary functioning graft with 95 (96.9%) cases in the main group and 54 (88.5%) in comparison group (P=0.048). Delayed graft function was detected in 2 (2.0%) recipients of the main group and in 5 (8.2%) cases of the comparison group. In the postoperative period, a significant decrease in creatinine level was observed in the main group of recipients and on the 1st day it was 221.0±58.7μmol/L, whereas in the comparison group the index was 569.3±84.6 μmol/L (P<0.001). 3-4 days after surgery, the level of blood creatinine in the main group was significantly (P<0.01) lower than the comparison group (149.6±25.6 vs. 343.6±69.4 μmol/L). On the first day after surgery, there was also a significant decrease (P<0.05) in urea level of the main group (11.4±1.61 mmol/L) in comparison with the comparative group (15.4±0.84 mmol/L). At the time of hospital discharge of recipients, the level of urea was within normal limits and equal to 8.3±0.80 mmol/L and 9.0±0.95 mmol/L in the main and comparison groups, respectively (P>0.05). Hemodialysis was required in 3 (3.1%) recipients from the main group and 3 (4.9%) from the comparison group. The need for corticosteroid therapy was observed in 2 (2.0%) cases of the main group and in 3 (4.9%) cases from the comparison group. Conclusion. The effectiveness of improved approaches to patient management and surgical tactics of related kidney transplantation has been proved, taking into account the verification of the graft functional activity on the main clinical and biochemical data of the terminal stage of chronic renal failure regression.
Keywords: Kidney Transplantation, Living-Related Renal Transplant Recipients, Early Clinical Outcomes
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Review
Review on: regenerative medicine, tissue engineering and stem cell therapy in diabetes mellitus.
Birhan M.
J. Life Sci. Biomed., 9(4): 102-108, 2019; pii:S225199391900016-9
Abstract
Introduction. In view of the recent success in pancreatic islet transplantation, interest in treating diabetes by the delivery of insulin-producing β-cells has been renewed. Because differentiated pancreatic β-cells cannot be expanded significantly in vitro, β-cell stem or progenitor cells are seen as a potential source for the preparation of transplantable insulin-producing tissue. In addition to embryonic stem (ES) cells, several potential adult islet/β-cell progenitors, derived from pancreas, liver, and bone marrow, are being studied. To date, none of the candidate cells has been fully characterized or is clinically applicable, but pancreatic physiology makes the existence of one or more types of adult islet stem cells very likely. It also seems possible that pluripotential stem cells, derived from the bone marrow, contribute to adult islet neogenesis. Aim. In future studies, more stringent criteria should be met to clonally define adult islet/β-cell progenitor cells. If this can be achieved, the utilization of these cells for the generation of insulin-producing β-cells in vitro seems to be feasible in the near future. This review will focus on the potential of adult tissue-derived stem cells, in lieu of embryo-derived stem cells, for the treatment of diabetes. We discuss the role of adult islet stem/progenitor cells in normal physiology, highlight possible candidate cells isolated to date, and describe different approaches for stem cell-based therapy.
Keywords: Embryonic Stem Cells, Insulin-Producing, Pancreatic Islet, Physiology, β-cells
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Research Paper
Comparison of two methods of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with lavsan (polyethylene terephtalate).
Irismetov ME, Usmonov FM, Shamshimetov DF, Kholikov AM, Rajabov KN, Tadjinazarov MB.
J. Life Sci. Biomed., 9(4): 109-116, 2019; pii:S225199391900017-9
Abstract
Introduction. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the main stabilizateur of the knee joint. Many methods were suggested for its reconstruction with different allo/autografts, as well as synthetic materials. Aim. The study aimed to compare two methods of ACL reconstruction with lavsan (polyethylene terephtalate). Methods. The study included 102 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction with lavsan tape (polyethylene terephtalate). Group 1 (46 patients) underwent single-bundle ACL reconstruction, and group 2 (56 patients) underwent double-bundle reconstruction. Patients were evaluated with Lachman, anterior drawer and pivot-shift tests and Lysholm score. Results. Our results showed better results in double-bundle group, especially rotational stability was significant better. Besides that majority of patients of I group had some problem flexion of the operated knees. Conclusion. Independent of the method of ACL reconstructions these surgeries must be perform taking into account anatomic features and changes of the knee. Double-bundle technique of ACL reconstruction with lavsan provides better stability than single-bundle technique.
Keywords: Anterior Cruciate Ligament, Single-Bundle Technique, Double-Bundle-Technique, Synthetic Material
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Research Paper
Hematological and selected biochemical indices in preeclamptic pregnant women attending Elnihoud teaching hospital.
Hobiel Ahmed HA and Suleiman Amin MA.
J. Life Sci. Biomed., 9(4): 117-121, 2019; pii:S225199391900018-9
Abstract
Background. Preeclampsia (PE) is a form of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, leading to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is major obstetric problem in developing countries and affecting 2–10% of all pregnancies. Aim. This study aimed to evaluate hematological and some biochemical parameters in preeclamptic pregnant women attending Elnihoud Teaching Hospital, Sudan, and to compare the findings with the severity of the disease. Methods. A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in Elnihoud Teaching Hospital with total of forty tow pregnant women as participants (14–45 years old). They were selected from the Wards of the Hospital at admission before starting treatment. Hematological and selected biochemical parameters were measured and analyzed for every preeclamptic patient. Results. The study revealed no significant elevation in plasma total protein, total white blood cells (TWBCs), lymphocytes and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) among severe preeclamptic patients versus mild cases. Decrease with no significant value in hemoglobin level, platelets count (PLT), red blood cells (RBCs) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) was observed in severe preeclamptic cases compared to mild preeclamptic cases. Conclusion. It is concluded that measurement of hematological and some biochemical parameters might reflect to some extent the effect of preeclampsia on pregnant women. Recommendation. Further studies with more parameters can provide guidance for the evaluation intervention and management of pregnant women who suffering from PE.
Keywords: Preeclampsia, Hypertension, Proteinuria, Papillodema.
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